FNshdpq; - rpy fUj;Njhl;lq;fs;.
FNshdpq;if rl;lg;G+u;tkhf Mf;Ftij ,uz;L Mz;LfSf;F xj;jp itf;f nrhy;yp rkPgj;jpy; ,];yhkpa ehLfs; Ntz;LNfhs; tpLj;jd. ,J Fwpj;J I-eh tpy; Ngrg;gl;lij ehk; mwpNthk;. FNshdpq; gw;wpa tpguq;fis thrfu;fs; njupe;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf ,e;jf; fl;Liuia ntspapLfpNwhk;. (vbl;lu;fs;)
KjyhtJ kdpj [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jypd; %yk; cUthd
Foe;ijapd; ntw;wpia Nfl;L mjpHr;rpAw;wpUe;j cyfpw;F ,k;khjj;jpd; KbTf;Fs;NsNa
,d;Dk; ehd;F Foe;ijfis ,k;KiwapD}lhf cUthf;fptpl KbAk; vd;w gpuhd;]pa Ma;thshpd;
fUj;J xUKiw epd;W rpe;jpf;f itj;jJ. kWGwj;jpy; khHf;f mwpQHfspdJk;
itj;jpaHfspdJk; vjpHg;Gf;fs; mjpfhpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j NghJk; mitfshy; [Pd;
gpujpnaL;g;;gtHfspd; Ma;Tfis jLj;J epWj;jptpl Kbatpy;iy. ,r;nraw;ghl;il
Muk;gj;jpNyNa $lhJ vd;W $wptpLtijtpl ahH> vjw;fhf> vr;rpe;jidapd; mbg;gilapy;
eilngWfpd;wJ vd;gij mwpe;J nfhs;tJ rpwe;jjhFk;."
Kjd; Kjyhf [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jy; nrad;Kiwia 'FNyhd;
va;l;" vd;w epWtdNk Muk;gpj;J itj;jJ. mbg;gilapy; ,e;epWtdk; tpahghu
Nehf;fq;fisNah ngUk; mwptpay; ,yf;FfisNah nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy. vdpDk;
'uh,ypa+d;" vd;w mikg;NghL neUq;fpa njhlHGfis
itj;jpUe;jJ. gpuhd;]pd; gpugy Nkhl;lhH thfd Xl;Leuhd "fpyt;l; NghH iy`{d;"
vd;gtH mt;tikg;ig topelhj;jpdhH. jhd; 1973ypUe;J MWf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l jlitfs;
gpuhd;]py; ,Uf;fpd;w XH cwq;F epiy vhpkiyapd; mUfpypUe;J mz;lntspapd;
gilg;Gf;fs; te;J nfhz;bUe;jijf; fz;ljhf thjhb> RkhH 25>000 tUlq;fSf;F Kd;dH
,t;tz;lntspg; gilg;Gf;fNs kdpjid [Pd;gpujpnaLj;jy; %yk; cUthf;fpapUf;f Ntz;Lk;
vd;w rpe;jidia Kd;itj;jhH.
jdJ nfhs;ifiag; gug;Gtjpy; jPtpukhf <Lgl;l uh<y; FWfpa fhyj;jpw;Fs;NsNa 50-55
Mapuk; MjuthsHfis 84f;Fk; mjpfkhd ehLfspy; ,Ue;J jpul;bf; nfhz;lhH. ,tHfspy;
mjpfkhdtHfs; gpuhd;];> fdlh> If;fpa ,uhr;rpak; Nghd;w gpuNjrq;fisr; NrHe;jtHfs;.
uh<y; jdJ jdpg;gl;l jpwikiaf; nfhz;L ngUk;njhifahd gzj;ij Ma;thsHfsplkpUe;J
jpul;bf; nfhz;lhH. kdpj [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jypd; %yk; vd;whtJ xU ehisf;F kdpjDf;F
epue;ju tho;f;ifia ngw;Wf; nfhLf;f KbAk; vd;w Gul;rpfukhd fUj;ijAk; mtH
ntspapl;lhH.
,f;nfhs;if kdpj ,dj;ij mopg;gij Nehf;fkhff; nfhs;shtpl;lhYk; jukw;w FiwghLfisf;
nfhz;;l kdpjHfis mopg;gij jdJ kiwKfkhd Nehf;fkhff; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. 1997,y;
gpuhd;]pd; ,urhadtpayhsHfshy; epWtg;gl;l ,e;j 'FNyhd;va;l;"
vd;w epWtdNk kdpj [Pd; gpujpnaLg;gjd; nfhs;ifiaj; njspthf tpsf;Ffpd;wJ. kdpjHfs;
RkhH 25>000 tUlq;fSf;F Kd; gpwpnjhU Nfhspy; ,Ue;J gwf;Fk; jl;nlhd;wpd; %yk;
te;jhHfs; vd;W $WtJ ‘[Pd; gpujpnaLj;jy; %yk; Nfhl;ghl;L hPjpapy; kdpjDf;F
epue;ju xU tho;f;ifiag; ngw;Wf; nfhLf;f KbAk; vd;w ek;gpf;ifiaj; jUtjhf mikAk;"
vd;W mJ Fwpg;gpLfpd;wJ. ,J gilg;gpdq;fspypUe;J gilg;ghsdhfpa ,iwtidj; J}ukhf;f
KidAk; ehj;jpfr; rpe;jidahFk;.
[Pd; gpujpnaLj;jYf;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;L gpwg;gpf;fg;gLfpd;w MLfs;> khLfs;> vypfs;>
g+idfs; vd;gd jj;jkJ tho;f;iff; fhyg;gFjpapDs; gy;NtWgl;l Neha;fSf;F cl;glyhk;
vdf; fUjg;gLfpd;wJ. ,JNghd;w gy gpur;rpidfis ,k;Kiw vjpHNehf;fpa NghjpYk; $l>
,r;nraw;ghLfSf;F Mjutspf;fpd;wtHfs; ,JtiuAk; rpwe;j rpfpr;ir Kiwnahd;iw
fz;Lgpbf;f KbahJs;s ePhpopT> gf;fthjk; Nghd;w Neha;fSf;F ntw;wpfukhd rpfpr;ir
Kiwia fz;Lgpbg;gjhfTk;> cWg;G khw;Wr; rpfpr;iria jpwk;glr; nra;tjw;fhfTk; ,jid
gad;gLj;j KbAk; vd;W Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdH.
[Pd; gpujpnaLj;jy; Kiw vjpHg;Gf;fSk; khw;Wf; fUj;Jf;fSk;
[Pd; gpujpnaLj;jy; Kiw ngUk; fz;ldq;fSf;Fk; vjpHg;Gf; Fuy;fSf;Fk; cl;gl;L tUfpd;wJ. nfa;Nuhtpy; mike;Js;s ,];yhkpa Ma;TfSf;fhd xd;wpak; gpd;tUkhW fUj;J ntspapl;Ls;sJ.
"kdpj [Pd; gpujpnaLf;fpd;w eltbf;if `uhkhFk;. ,jdJ vy;yh topKiwfisAk; jil nra;tJTk; ,jw;nfjpuhf Fuy; nfhLg;gJTk; th[pghFk;" ,k;Kbit cWjpg;gLj;j gpd;tUk; Mjhuq;fis Kd;itf;fpd;wJ.
my;yh`; kdpjidg;gilj;J
fz;zpag;gLj;jpapUf;fpd;wNghJ mtid xU tpisahl;Lf;Fk; Nfspf;iff;Fk; chpa nghUshf
khw;WtijNah my;yJ mtdJ mofpa cUtj;ij rpijj;J NtW cUtq;fshf khw;WtijNah my;yh`;
xUNghJk; tpUk;gkhl;lhd;.
,];yhk; kdpjDf;F gad;jUk; mwptpaiy xUNghJk; jil nra;tjpy;iy. khwhf mjw;F
Cf;fkspj;J tuNtw;fpd;wJ. jPikaspf;Fk; mwptpay; Kaw;rpfis mj;jPikfspypUe;J kdpjid
ghJfhg;gjw;fhfj; jil nra;fpd;wJ. 'ed;ikfisg; ngw;Wf;
nfhs;tjw;F Kd; jPikfisj; jil nra;a Ntz;Lk;" vd;gJ ,];yhkpa rl;l mbg;gilfspy;
xd;W. Mdhy; tpidj;jpwd;kpf;f jhtu> tpyq;fpdq;fisg; ngWk; Nehf;fpy; tpQ;Qhd
tsHr;rpiag; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;tjpy; jtwpy;iy vdTk; me;epWtdk; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wJ.
kdpj [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jy; gw;wp a+]_g; my; fHshtp
a+]_g; my; fHshtpapdhy; brk;gH 12Mk;
Njjp ntspaplg;gl;l jPHg;G kdpj [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jy;
'`uhk;" vd;W Fwpg;gpLfpd;wJ. mjhtJ ,j;njhopy;El;gk;
xt;nthU gilg;gpw;Fk; gpuj;jpNakhf ,Uf;fpd;w NtWgl;l Fzhk;rq;fis kWf;fpd;wJ.
my;yh`; kdpjHfis tpj;jpahrkhdtHfshfg; gilj;jpUf;fpd;whd;. xt;nthUtUk; jdpj;jdp
epwq;fisf; nfhz;ltHfshfTk;> gy;NtWgl;l nkhopfisg; NgRfpd;wtHfshfTk; ,Uf;f kdpj
[Pd; gpujpnaLj;jy; KiwahdJ xNu tifahd xNu khjphpahd kdpjHfis cUthf;f Kidfpd;wJ.
,J ,aw;ifj; jd;ikf;F khw;wkhdnjhd;whFk;. mjhtJ midj;J caphpdq;fSk; xt;nthU N[hbapy;
,Ue;Jjhd; cUthfpd;wJ vd;whYk; ,e;j [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jy; KiwahdJ Mz; ,dj;jpypUe;J
khj;jpuNk my;yJ ngz; ,dj;jpypUe;J khj;jpuNk ngwg;gl;L fUf;fl;lr;
nra;ag;gLfpd;wJ. NkYk; ,e;j kdpj [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jyhdJ fUg;ig> ,jak; Nghd;w rpy
gFjpfspy; khj;jpuk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wNghJ mJ tuNtw;fg;glf;$bajhf ,Uf;Fk;.
,];yhkpa tiuaiwfisg; NgZk; mwptpay; tsHr;rpia ,];yhk; J}z;Lfpd;wJ. me;jtifapy;
[Pd; gpujpnaLj;jYk; kdpjDf;F mjpf gpuNahrdq;fis mspg;gjhapd; mJTk; jtwpy;iy vdf;
$Wfpd;whH.
my;gj;fhd;
vd;gthpd; fUj;J my; m];`H mwpQHfspd; fUj;NjhL
cld;gLfpd;wJ. mjhtJ 'vy;iy kPwpa mwpT kdpj gz;ghl;L
tPo;r;rpf;F topNfhYk;." vd;fpd;whH.
nygdhdpa mwpQuhd K`k;kj; `{ird; go;Yy;yh`; rw;W
tpj;jpahrkhd XH fUj;ijf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whH. ,];yhkpa ~hpMtpy; fhzg;gLfpd;w `uhk;>
`yhy; vd;w my;yh`;tpd; tiuaiwfs; kdpjdpd; eyd;fisf; fUj;jpw; nfhz;Nl
mikf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd. vdNt ed;ikahdJ jPikia kpiff;Fk;NghJ mjid
'`yhy;" vd;Wk; jPik ed;ikia kpiff;Fk; NghJ mjid
'`uhk;" vd;Wk; Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;wJ. ,e;jg; gpd;dzpapy;
,Ue;J etPd mwptpaypd; Gjpa fz;Lgpbg;ghd '[Pd;
gpujpnaLj;jy;" Kiwiag; ghHf;fpd;wNghJ cldbahd jPHnthd;iw nfhLj;Jtpl KbahJ. mjdJ
rhjf> ghjfq;fis Mo;e;J Muha;e;J gpd;dNu mjw;fhd ,];yhkpa jPHg;ig toq;f Ntz;Lk;.
ehk; [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jiy tuNtw;fpd;Nwhk;. vd;whYk; fUtiwapy; rpR tsHe;j gpd;
mjidf; nfhy;tijNa ehk; kWf;fpd;Nwhk;. my;yh`; kdpjDf;Ff; nfhLj;jpUf;fpd;w
mwpitg; gad;gLj;jp gpugQ;rg; nghUl;fis mwpe;J nfhs;tij ,];yhk; tuNtw;fpwJ.
my; m];`hpd; \hPM rl;lg; epGzu;
K`k;kj; u/gj;> Mzpd; tpe;jZit ngz;zpd; Kl;ilapy; nrYj;Jfpd;w [Pd;
gpujpnaLj;jiyj; jil nra;fpd;w ,];yhkpa jPHg;Gf;fs; ,y;iy. vd;whYk; ,q;F
gpur;rpid vd;dntdpy; ,e;j [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jYf;F Mzpd; tpe;jZitNah my;yJ ngz;zpd;
Kl;ilNah khj;jpuk; gad;gLj;jp mtw;iwj; jPtpu kpd;gFg;gha;tpw;F cl;gLj;Jtjd; %yk;
Mz;> ngz; ,dq;fs; vd;W gphpj;J fUf;fl;litg;gNjahFk;.
,k;Kiwapdhy; fUf;fl;ly; nraw;ghl;bw;F Mzpd; tpe;Jk; ngz;zpd; Kl;ilAk; Njit vd;w
epiy ,y;yhky; Nghfpd;wJ.
kdpj [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jy;
nrad;Kiw ehd;F tbtq;fspy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wJ.
1. gpwg;gpf;fg; Nghfpd;w ngz;zpd; fztuJ tpe;jZitg; gad;gLj;jy;.
2. fztuy;yhj NtW XH Mzpd; tpe;jZitg; gad;gLj;jy;.
3> Fwpg;gpl;l me;jg; ngz;zpd; Kl;iliag; gad;gLj;jy;.
4. NtW XH ngz;zpd; Kl;ilia vLj;jy;.
kdpj [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jy; MFkhtjw;F ,tH %d;W tiuaiwfis tpjpf;fpd;whH.
1. Fwpg;gpl;l fztDk; kidtpAk; ,aw;if mikg;gpD}lhf xUNghJNk Foe;ij ngw;Wf; nfhs;s
KbahJ vd;W cWjpg;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
2. [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jypd; %yk; cUthFk; Foe;ij Vida Foe;ijfisg; Nghd;W
vy;yhtifapYk; MNuhf;fpakhdjhf ,Uf;Fk; vd cWjpg;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
3. jdpkdpjdpdJk; r%fj;jpdJk; ghJfhg;Gf; fUjp [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jYf;F cl;gl;Lg;
gpwf;fpd;w kdpjd; Vida kdpjHfNshL vy;yh tifahd gz;GfshYk; xj;Jg; Nghfhjtuhf
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tpQ;Qhd itj;jpa topKiwfspd; ghHitapy; [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jy;
vbd;guhtpy; ,Uf;fpd;w ut;]pypaPd; vd;w epWtdk;
[Pd; gpujpnaLj;jypd; Kjy; ntw;wpiaf; Nfl;lTlNdNa ,jd; vjpHfhy Mgj;Jf;fisg; gw;wp
vr;rhpj;jJ. 1996,y; [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jYf;F cl;gl;L gpwe;j 'nlhyp"
vd;w nrk;nkwpahl;bd; ntw;wpiaf; Nfl;l gpugy itj;jpaH '`hp"
vd;gtH ehd; ,jid XH mghak; jUfpd;w epfo;thfNt fUJfpd;Nwd; vd;whH.
,j;njhopEl;gj;jpd; %yk; gpwg;gpf;fg;gLfpd;w mjpfkhd kpUfq;fs; FWfpa
fhyj;jpw;Fs;NsNa ,we;JtpLtjhf itj;jpa Ma;Tfs; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wd. ve;jtpj [Pd;
gpujpnaLg;G Kbe;j KbTfis ntspapLtjpy;iy. khwhf mit midj;;Jk; jw;fhypf
KbTfNsahFk;. ,j;Jiwapy; tpN\\
itj;jpa epGzuhd jpf;]d; gj;hpf; vd;gtH KO cyfKk; ,jid ntWg;gjw;Ff; fhuzk;
,j;njhopEl;gk; njhlHghf vy;yh kl;lq;fspYk; Vw;gl;bUf;fpd;w xUtifg; gaKk; jaf;f
epiyANkahFk;.
Fitj;jpd; ,];yhkpa kUj;Jt Muha;r;rp epiyaj;jpd; jiytH mg;JH u`;khd; mt;yp
Fwpg;gpLifapy; :- etPd cyfj;jpy; kdpj r%fk; vjpHNehf;Ffpd;w gpur;rpidfSs; [Pd;
gpujpnaLj;jy; vd;gJ jiyahanjhd;whFk;. ,J njhlHghf ekJ
mikg;G 1983,y; ,Ue;J ,d;Wtiu gy Ma;Tfisr; nra;J
tUfpd;wJ. vd;whYk; 1997,y; ];nfhl;yhe;jpy; 'Nlhyp"
vd;w nrk;nkwpahL cUthf;fg;gl;l gpd;dUk; mijj; njhlHe;J CH[_d; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy;
,uz;L Fuq;Ffs; cUthf;fg;gl;ljd; gpd;dUk; mz;ikapy; mnkhpf;fhtpy;
'`th" vd;w ngahpy; XH Foe;ij cUthf;Ftjw;fhd Kaw;rpfs;
g+uzkile;jjd; (Foe;ijg; gpwe;jg;) gpd;dUk; ,J njhlHghd
\hpMtpd; tiuaiwfisAk;> jPHTfisAk; nrhy;y Ntz;bajd;
cld;Njitia czHe;J xU eLepiyahd jPHit ntspapl;lJ. vt;thW kdpjdpd; mwptpay;
tsHr;rpf;F ,];yhk; jilahf mikatpy;iyNah mNj Nghd;Wjhd; ,];yhkpa tiuaiwfis fle;J
mtd; jhd;Njhd;wpj;jdkhfr; nraw;gLtijAk; ,];yhk; xUNghJk; tpUk;Gtjpy;iy. mtd; jdJ
tho;f;ifapd; midj;J nraw;ghLfisAk; `uhk;> `yhypd; tiuaiwfSf;Fs;NsNa mikj;Jf;
nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd vjpHghHf;fpd;wJ.
,];yhkpa kUj;Jtf; fiyfSf;fhd xd;wpaj;jpd; jiytuhd itj;jpa epGzH [{d;jp
vd;gtH kdpj [Pd; gpujpnaLj;jy; Kiwia kdpjDf;F gad;jUfpd;w topfSf;Fs; mikj;Jf;
nfhs;s KbAk; vd;Wk; cWg;G khw;Wr; rpfpr;iria ntw;wpfukhfr; nra;tjw;F ,jidg;
gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s KbAk; vd;Wk; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shH.
ez;gu;fSf;F mwpKfg;gLj;j fpspf; nra;aTk;
jkpo; ,];yhkpa nra;jp Clfk;